[内容简介]
This book, written by a distinguished scientist in the field, provides a comprehensive overview of the biochemical aspects of all luminous organisms currently known. It is the first and only book that provides chemical information on all known bioluminescence systems, in a single volume. Some 35 different types of bioluminescence organisms are discussed in 10 chapters. The descriptions include: a history of the discovery of luminescence substances such as luciferins, luciferases and photoproteins; the process of research, explaining how luminescent substances have been isolated and purified; the properties of luminescent substances; and the reaction modes and mechanisms involved, as interpreted currently. Important experimental data and graphs are included in the book, making time-consuming reference searches almost unnecessary. Helpful advice for experimentalists is given in an appendix.
*唯一一本涵盖了所有已知发光生物体的化学性质的书；
*作者系该领域内最全面的研究者之一；
*自助式的内容设计节省了读者大量的查阅文献的时间；
*生物发光是化学方面的一个热点研究方向，将成为今后化学新发现的基础。

[Table Of Contents]

Preface

Abbreviations, Symbols and Definitions

Introduction

The Beginning of the Chemical Study of Bioluminescence

Luciferin

Photoprotein

Chemical Studies on Bioluminescence in the Last One Hundred Years

Chemical Study of Bioluminescence in the Future

The Contents of this Book

The Fireflies and Luminous Insects

The Fireflies

Essential Factors in the Firefly Luminescence Reaction

Firefly Luciferin and Oxyluciferin

Firefly Luciferase

Assays of Luciferase Activity, ATP and Luciferin

General Characteristics of the Bioluminescence of Fireflies

Mechanisms of the Bioluminescence

Light Emitters in the Firefly Luminescence System

A Note on the Dioxetanone Pathway and the 18O-incorporation Experiment

Phengodidae and Elateroidae

Phengodidae

Elateridae

Diptera

The Glow-worm Arachnocampa

The American Glow-worm Orfelia

Luminous Bacteria

Factors Required for Bioluminescence

Bacterial Luciferase

Long-chain Aldehyde

Mechanism of Luminescence Reaction

Assay of Luciferase Activity

Quantum Yield of Long-chain Aldehydes

In vivo Luminescence of Luminous Bacteria

The Ostracod Cypridina (Vargula) and Other Luminous Crustaceans

The Ostracod Cypridina

Overview of Ostracoda

Cypridina hilgendorfii Muller

Research on Cypridina Luminescence before 1955

Purification and Crystallization of Cypridina Luciferin

Properties of Cypridina Luciferin

Oxyluciferin and Etioluciferin

Purification and Molecular Properties of Cypridina Luciferase

Luciferin-luciferase Luminescence Reaction

Quantum Yield

Euphausiids Euphausia pacifica and Meganyctiphanes norvegica

Involvement of the Fluorescent Compound F and Protein P

Fluorescent Compound F

Protein P

Luminescence Reaction

The Decapod Shrimp Oplophorus gracilirostris

Oplophorus Luciferase

Coelenterazine-luciferase Reaction

Copepoda

The Jellyfish Aequorea and Other Luminous Coelenterates

The Hydrozoan Medusa Aequorea aequorea

History of the Biochemical Study of Aequorea Bioluminescence

Extraction and Purification of Aequorin

Properties of Aequorin

Discovery of the Coelenterazine Moiety in Aequorin

Regeneration of Aequorin from Apoaequorin

Recombinant Aequorin

Semisynthetic Aequorins

The In Vivo Luminescence of Aequorea

The Hydroid Obelia (Hydrozoan)

Natural Obelins

Recombinant Obelin

The Hydrozoan Medusa Phialidium gregarium

Other Bioluminescent Hydrozoans

The Scyphozoans Pelagia and Periphylla

Pelagia noctiluca

Periphylla periphylla

The Anthozoan Renilla (Sea Pansy)

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)

The Ctenophores

The Coelenterazines

Discovery of Coelenterazine

Occurrence of Coelenterazine

Properties of Coelenterazine and its Derivatives

Chemi- and Bioluminescence Reactions of Coelenterazine

Chemical Reactions of Coelenterazine

Synthesis of Coelenterazines

Coelenterazine Luciferases

Luminous Mollusca

The Limpet Latia

The Clam Pholas dactylus

Luminous Squids (Cephalopoda)

The Firefly Squid Watasenia scintillans

The Purpleback Flying Squid Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis (Tobi-ika)

The Luminous Flying Squid Symplectoteuthis luminosa (Suji-ika)

Annelida

The Tubeworm Chaetopterus variopedatus

Biochemistry of the Luminescence of Chaetopterus variopedatus

Properties of the Chaetopterus Photoprotein and its Luminescence Reaction

The Bermuda Fireworm Odontosyllis

Luminous Earthworms (Oligochaeta)

Polynoid Scaleworm Harmothoe lunulata

The Polychaete Tomopteris

Dinoflagellates and Other Protozoa

Radiolarians

Dinoflagellates

Cultivation and Harvesting of Dinoflagellates

Scintillons

The Luciferase of Gonyaulax polyedra

Extraction and Purification of Dinoflagellate Luciferin

Properties of Dinoflagellate Luciferin

Chemical Structures of Dinoflagellate Luciferin and its Oxidation Products

Chemical Mechanism of Dinoflagellate Bioluminescence

Luciferin Binding Protein of Dinoflagellates

Luminous Fungi

An Overview on Fungal Bioluminescence

Early Studies on the Biochemistry of Luminous Fungi

Role of Superoxide in Fungal Luminescence

Studies on Panellus stipticus

Panal

Activation Products of Panal

PS-A and PS-B

Activation of PS-A and PS-B

Mechanism of the in vivo Bioluminescence of P. stipticus

Synthetic Studies of Panellus Luciferin

Studies on Mycena citricolor

Luciferin Obtained by Kuwabara and Wassink

Studies on the Mycena citricolor Luminescence by the Author

Summary on the Chemistry of Fungal Luminescence

Other Luminous Organisms

Ophiuroidea: Brittle Stars

The Brittle Star Ophiopsila californica

The Brittle Star Amphiura filiformis

Millipede Luminodesmus sequoiae (Diplopoda)

Centipede Orphaneus brevilabiatus (Chilopoda)

Hemicordata

The Acorn Worm Balanoglossus biminiensis

The Luciferin of Ptychodera flava

Tunicates (Phylum Chordata)

The Luminous Fishes

Coastal and Shallow-water Fishes that Utilize Cypridina Luciferin

Oceanic Deep-sea Luminous Fishes

Future Research on Fish Bioluminescence

Appendix

Taxonomic Classification of Selected Luminous Organisms

Lists of Luciferins, Luciferases and Photoproteins Isolated

Miscellaneous Technical Information

Basic Principle of the Isolation of Bioluminescent Substances

Reversible Inhibition of Bioluminescence

Extraction of Luciferin-luciferase Systems

Solubilization of Proteins

Purification

Storage of Samples

Measurement of Luminescence

Calibration of Luminometer and the Measurement of Quantum Yield

Measurements of Coelenterazine, its Derivatives, and other Important Substances in Bioluminescence

Assay of Coelenterazine

Assay of the Coelenterazine Luciferase Activity

Assay of the Stabilized Forms of Coelenterazine

Assay of Dehydrocoelenterazine

Assay of Cypridina Luciferin

Assay of Cypridina Luciferase

Assay of Ca2+ -sensitive Photoproteins

Measuring Bioluminescence in the Field

18O-Labeling of the Reaction Product CO2

Glass Blowing

Advice to Students Who are Interested in Studying the Chemistry of Bioluminescence

References

Index