[内容简介]
This book provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of global illumination algorithms. It discusses a broad class of algorithms for realistic image synthesis and introduces a theoretical basis for the algorithms presented. This completely updated second edition includes: exercises for each chapter; new material on environment map sampling, lightcuts and precomputed radiance transfer; and expanded material on human perception.
[目次]

Table Of Contents

Preface

Preface to the Second Edition

1 Introduction

       1.1 What Is Realistic Image Synthesis?

       1.2 Structure of this Book

       1.3 How to Use this Book

2 The Physics of Light Transport

       2.1 Brief History

       2.2 Models of Light

       2.3 Radiometry

       2.4 Light Emission

       2.5 Interaction of Light with Surfaces

       2.6 Rendering Equation

       2.7 Importance

       2.8 The Measurement Equation

       2.9 Summary

       2.10 Exercises

3 Monte Carlo Methods

       3.1 Brief History

       3.2 Why Are Monte Carlo Techniques Useful?

       3.3 Review of Probability Theory

       3.4 Monte Carlo Integration

       3.5 Sampling Random Variables

       3.6 Variance Reduction

       3.7 Summary

       3.8 Exercises

4 Strategies for Computing Light Transport

       4.1 Formulation of the Rendering Equation

       4.2 The Importance Function

       4.3 Adjoint Equations

       4.4 Global Reflectance Distribution Function

       4.5 Classification of Global Illumination Algorithms

       4.6 Path Formulation

       4.7 Summary

       4.8 Exercises

5 Stochastic Path-Tracing Algorithms

       5.1 Brief History

       5.2 Ray-Tracing Set-Up

       5.3 Simple Stochastic Ray Tracing

       5.4 Direct Illumination

       5.5 Environment Map Illumination

       5.6 Indirect Illumination

       5.7 Light Tracing

       5.8 Summary

       5.9 Exercises

6 Stochastic Radiosity

       6.1 Classic Radiosity

       6.2 The Form Factors

       6.3 Stochastic Relaxation Radiosity

       6.4 Discrete Random Walk Methods for Radiosity

       6.5 Photon Density Estimation Methods

       6.6 Variance Reduction and Low-Discrepancy Sampling

       6.7 Hierarchical Refinement and Clustering

       6.8 Exercises

7 Hybrid Algorithms

       7.1 Final Gathering

       7.2 Multipass Methods

       7.3 Bidirectional Tracing

       7.4 Metropolis Light Transport

       7.5 Irradiance Caching

       7.6 Photon Mapping

       7.7 Instant Radiosity

       7.8 Lightcuts and Multidimensional Lightcuts

       7.9 Exercises

8 The Quest for Ultimate Realism and Speed

       8.1 Beyond the Rendering Equation

       8.2 Image Display and Human Perception

       8.3 Fast Global Illumination

9 Conclusion

       9.1 Achievements of Photorealistic Rendering

       9.2 Unresolved Issues in Photorealistic Rendering

       9.3 Concluding Remarks

A A Class Library for Global Illumination

       A.1 Path Node Classes

       A.2 Light Source Sampling Classes

       A.3 Support Classes

       A.4 Example Code Fragments

B Hemispherical Coordinates

       B.1 Hemispherical Coordinates

       B.2 Solid Angle

       B.3 Integrating over the Hemisphere

       B.4 Hemisphere-Area Transformation

C Theoretical Analysis of Stochastic Relaxation Radiosity

Bibliography

Index