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Elements of set theory ( 集合论基础 )
发布日期:2007-11-14  浏览

[内容简介]
集合论是数学的一个基本分支,在数学中占据着独特的地位,其基本概念已渗透到数学的所有领域。本书从集合论中最基本的概念开始,循序渐进,深入浅出.主要内容有:公理及运算、关系与函数、自然数、实数的构造、基数与选择公理、秩序与序数、序数与序型等。本书附有大约300道习题。
[目次]
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
 Baby Set Theory 1
 Sets-An Informal View 7
 Classes 10
 Axiomatic method 10
 Notation 13
 Historical Notes 14
Chatper 2 AXIOMS AND OPERATIONS 17
 Axioms 17
 Arbitrary Unions and Intersections 23
 Algebra of Sets 27
 Epilogue 33
 Review Exercises 33
Chapter 3 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS 35
 Ordered Pairs 35
 Relations 39
 n-Ary Relations 41
 Functions 42
 Infinite Cartesian Products 54
 Equivalence Relations 55
 Ordering Relations 62
 Review Exercises 64
Chapter 4 NATURAL NUMBERS 67
 Inductive Sets 67
 Peano's Postulates 70
 Recursion on 73
 Arithmetic 79
 Ordering on 83
 Review Exercises 88
Chapter 5 CONSTRUCTION OF THE REAL NUMBERS 90
 Integers 90
 Rational Numbers 101
 Real Numbers 111
 Summaries 121
 Two 123
Chapter 6 CARDINAL NUMBERS AND THE AXIOM OF CHIOCE 128
 Equinumerosity 128
 Finite Sets 133
 Cardinal Arithmetic 138
 Ordering Cardinal Numbers 145
 Axiom of Choice 151
 Countable Sets 159
 Arithmetic of Infinite Cardinals 162
 Continuum Hypothesis 165
Chapter 7 ORDERINGS AND ORDINALS 167
 Partial Orderings 167
 Well Orderings 172
 Replacement Axioms 179
 Epsilon-Images 182
 Isomorphisms 184
 Ordinal Numbers 187
 Debts Paid 195
 Rank 200
Chapter 8 ORDINALS AND ORDER TYPES 209
 Transfinite Recursion Again 209
 Alephs 212
 Ordinal Operations 215
 Isomorphism Types 220
 Arithmetic of Order Types 222
 Ordinal Arithmetic 227
Chapter 9 SPECIAL TOPICS 241
 Well-Founded Relations 241
 Natural Models 249
 Cofinality 257
Appendix NOTATION, LOGIC, AND PROOFS 263
Selected References for Further Study 269
List of Axioms 271
Index 273

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