Membrane Technology and Engineering for Water Purification, 2nd edition is written in a practical style with emphasis on: process description; key unit operations; systems design and costs; plant equipment description; equipment installation; safety and maintenance; process control; plant start-up; and operation and troubleshooting. It is supplemented by case studies and engineering rules-of-thumb. The author is a chemical engineer with extensive experience in the field, and his technical knowledge and practical know-how in the water purification industry are summarized succinctly in this new edition. This book will inform you which membranes to use in water purification and why, where and when to use them. It will help you to troubleshoot and improve performance and provides case studies to assist understanding through real-life examples. * Membrane Technology section updated to include forward osmosis, electrodialysis, and diffusion dialysis* Hybrid Membrane Systems expanded to cover zero liquid discharge, salt recovery and removal of trace contaminants* Includes a new section on plant design, energy, and economics
Preface two ix
Acknowledgements for the second edition xi
1 Introduction to Membrane Technology 1 (80)
1.1 Technology overview 1 (2)
1.2 Historical development 3 (5)
1.3 Membrane-separation characteristics 8 (20)
1.4 Membrane processes 28 (35)
1.5 Membrane modules 63 (7)
1.6 Membrane fouling 70 (7)
1.7 Concluding remarks 77 (4)
References 78 (3)
2 Water and Membrane Treatment 81 (98)
2.1 Priceless water 81 (3)
2.2 Water treatment 84 (37)
2.3 Membrane fouling, scaling, and 121(16)
controls
2.4 Membrane systems design 137(28)
2.5 Membrane cleaning and sanitisation 165(10)
2.6 Concluding remarks 175(4)
References 176(3)
3 Hybrid Membrane Systems -- Applications 179(104)
and Case Studies
3.1 Novel applications 180(33)
3.2 Water desalination 213(30)
3.3 High-purity water production 243(11)
3.4 Water reclamation and recycling 254(19)
3.5 MBR sewage and wastewater treatment 273(10)
References 277(6)
4 Hybrid Membrane Plant Design and Operation 283(56)
4.1 RO membrane plant description 286(7)
4.2 Plant design and controls 293(4)
4.3 System operation 297(21)
4.4 System diagnosis and maintenance 318(8)
4.5 RO plant equipment 326(6)
4.6 Membrane-filtration system 332(5)
4.7 Summary 337(2)
References 337(2)
5 Design, Energy, and Cost Analyses of 339(30)
Membrane Processes
5.1 Membrane system performance 340(2)
correlations
5.2 Energy and cost survey of membrane 342(27)
processes
References 366(3)
6 Appendix: Engineering Data and Notes 369(58)
6.1 Glossary/terminology 369(11)
6.2 Membrane polymer performance 380(2)
6.3 Chlorination of PA membranes 382(2)
6.4 Fluid flow in microporous membranes 384(2)
6.5 CP and mass transfer coefficient 386(1)
6.6 Surfactant micelles size correlation 387(2)
6.7 Deioniser design 389(3)
6.8 Process controls 392(2)
6.9 Centrifugal pumps 394(3)
6.10 Control valves 397(4)
6.11 Materials properties 401(2)
6.12 Process validation 403(1)
6.13 RO/NF feed water analysis 404(2)
6.14 Chemistry of feed water treatment in 406(5)
membrane plants
6.15 Wastewater treatment 411(1)
6.16 Conversion factors 412(3)
6.17 Physical and chemical data 415(6)
6.18 Membrane data 421(6)
References 424(3)
Index 427
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