Tropospheric Aerosol-Formation, Transformation, Fate and Impacts

[Book Description]

This volume focuses on the synthesis of emerging knowledge of the atmospheric aerosol systems, assessment of the validity and usefulness of existing frameworks, and the development of robust aerosol system descriptions on scales ranging from the interpretation of laboratory data to assessment of global impacts. Suspended particulate material in the atmosphere gives rise to a number of poorly determined problems of major current concern. Direct and indirect radiative forcing (the ability of aerosol particles to affect the Earth's radiation budget) each carries larger uncertainties than all other agents of climate change. Furthermore, there are significant challenges associated with the uncertainties of the impacts of particulate material on air quality and human health. A significant contributor to these uncertainties is the vast heterogeneity in the distribution of aerosols by virtue of their disparate sources (both primary and secondary) and transformations in the moist oxidising atmosphere. The complexity of aerosol precursors and variability in the oxidising environment leads to a highly variable loading of particles of widely ranging size, age and property.The topics covered in this volume include: * Formation, * Transformation, * Fate, and * Impacts of tropospheric aerosols.

[Table of Contents]

Introductory Lecture
    Introductory lecture: Atmospheric organic      9  (16)
    aerosols: insights from the combination of
    measurements and chemical transport models
          Spyros N. Pandis
          Neil M. Donahue
          Benjamin N. Murphy
          Ilona Riipinen
          Christos Fountoukis
          Eleni Karnezi
          David Patoulias
          Ksakousti Skyllakou
  PAPERS AND DISCUSSIONS
    Quantitative and time-resolved nanoparticle    25 (20)
    composition measurements during new
    particle formation
          Bryan R. Bzdek
          Andrew J. Horan
          M. Ross Pennington
          Joseph W. DePalma
          Jun Zhao
          Coty N. Jen
          David R. Hanson
          James N. Smith
          Peter H. McMurry
          Murray V. Johnston
    Regional and global impacts of Criegee         45 (30)
    intermediates on atmospheric sulphuric acid
    concentrations and first steps of aerosol
    formation
          Carl J. Percival
          Oliver Welz
          Arkke J. Eskola
          John D. Savee
          David L. Osborn
          David O. Topping
          Douglas Lowe
          Steven R. Utembe
          Asan Bacak
          Gordon M Figgans
          Michael C. Cooke
          Ping Xiao
          Alexander T. Archibald
          Michael E. Jenkin
          Richard G. Derwent
          Ilona Riipinen
          Daniel W. K. Mok
          Edmond P. F. Lee
          John M. Dyke
          Craig A. Taatjes
          Dudley E. Shallcross
    Comparing simulated and experimental           75 (16)
    molecular cluster distributions
          Tinja Olenius
          Siegfried Schobesberger
          Oona Kupiainen-Maatta
          Alessandro Franchin
          Heikki Junninen
          Ismael K. Ortega
          Theo Kurten
          Ville Loukonen
          Douglas R. Worsnop
          Markku Kulmala
          Hanna Vehkamaki
    How do organic vapors contribute to            91 (14)
    new-particle formation?
          Neil M. Donahue
          Ismael K. Ortega
          Wayne Chuang
          Ilona Riipinen
          Francesco Riccobono
          Siegfried Schobesberger
          Josef Dommen
          Urs Baltensperger
          Markku Kulmala
          Douglas R. Worsnop
          Hanna Vehkamaki
    Modeling the influence of alkane molecular     105(18)
    structure on secondary organic aerosol
    formation
          Bernard Aumont
          Marie Camredon
          Camille Mouchel-Vallon
          Stephanie La
          Farida Ouzebidour
          Richard Valorso
          Julia Lee-Taylor
          Sasha Madronich
    Organic aerosol formation photo-enhanced by    123(12)
    the formation of secondary photosensitizers
    in aerosols
          Kifle Z. Aregahegn
          Barbara Noziere
          Christian George
    Halogen-induced organic aerosol (XOA): a       135(46)
    study on ultra-fine particle formation and
    time-resolved chemical characterization
          Johannes Ofner
          Katharina A. Kamilli
          Andreas Held
          Bernhard Lendl
          Cornelius Zetzsch
      General discussion                           151(30)
    Average chemical properties and potential      181(22)
    formation pathways of highly oxidized
    organic aerosol
          Kelly E. Daumit
          Sean H. Kessler
          Jesse H. Kroll
    Atmospheric aerosols in Amazonia and land      203(34)
    use change: from natural biogenic to
    biomass burning conditions
          Paulo Artaxo
          Luciana V. Rizzo
          Joel F. Brito
          Henrique M. J. Barbosa
          Andrea Arana
          Elisa T. Sena
          Glauber G. Cirino
          Wanderlei Bastos
          Scot T. Martin
          Meinrat O. Andreae
    Sulfate radical-initiated formation of         237(24)
    isoprene-derived organosulfates in
    atmospheric aerosols
          J. Schindelka
          Y. linuma
          D. Hoffmann
          H. Herrmann
    Formation of secondary organic aerosol         261(12)
    marker compounds from the photooxidation of
    isoprene and isoprene-derived alkene diols
    under low-NOx conditions
          Wu Wang
          Yoshiteru linuma
          Ariane Kahnt
          Oxana Ryabtsova
          Anke Mutzel
          Reinhilde Vermeylen
          Pieter Van der Veken
          Willy Maenhaut
          Hartmut Herrmann
          Magda Claeys
    Including phase separation in a unified        273(16)
    model to calculate partitioning of vapours
    to mixed inorganic-organic aerosol particles
          David Topping
          Mark Barley
          Gordon McFiggans
    Morphologies of mixed                          289(54)
    organic/inorganic/aqueous aerosol droplets
          Mijung Song
          Claudia Marcolli
          Ulrich K. Krieger
          Daniel M. Lienhard
          Thomas Peter
      General discussion                           317(26)
    Fluorescent lifetime imaging of atmospheric    343(14)
    aerosols: a direct probe of aerosol
    viscosity
          Neveen A. Hosny
          Clare Fitzgerald
          Changlun Tong
          Markus Kalberer
          Marina K. Kuimova
          Francis D. Pope
    Aqueous aerosol SOA formation: impact on       357(12)
    aerosol physical properties
          Joseph L. Woo
          Derek D. Kim
          Allison N. Schwier
          Ruizhi Li
          V. Faye McNeill
    The effects of aircraft on climate and         369(14)
    pollution. Part II: 20-year impacts of
    exhaust from all commercial aircraft
    worldwide treated individually at the
    subgrid scale
          M. Z. Jacobson
          J. T. Wilkerson
          A. D. Naiman
          S. K. Lele
    Contact freezing efficiency of mineral dust    383(8)
    aerosols studied in an electrodynamic
    balance: quantitative size and temperature
    dependence for illite particles
          Nadine Hoffmann
          Denis Duft
          Alexei Kiselev
          Thomas Leisner
    Kinetic limitations in gas-particle            391(16)
    reactions arising from slow diffusion in
    secondary organic aerosol
          Shouming Zhou
          Manabu Shiraiwa
          Robert D. McWhinney
          Ulrich Poschl
          Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
    Tropospheric aerosol as a reactive             407(40)
    intermediate
          Agustin J. Colussi
          Shinichi Enami
          Akihiro Yabushita
          Michael R. Hoffmann
          Wei-Guang Liu
          Himanshu Mishra
          William A. Goddard III
      General discussion                           421(26)
    Online and offline mass spectrometric study    447(26)
    of the impact of oxidation and ageing on
    glyoxal chemistry and uptake onto ammonium
    sulfate aerosols
          Jacqueline F. Hamilton
          M. Teresa Baeza-Romero
          Emanuela Finessi
          Andrew R. Rickard
          Robert M. Healy
          Salvatore Peppe
          Thomas J. Adams
          Mark J. S. Daniels
          Stephen M. Ball
          Iain C. A. Goodall
          Paul S. Monks
          Esther Borras
          Amalia Munoz
    Brown carbon formation from ketoaldehydes      473(22)
    of biogenic monoterpenes
          Tran B. Nguyen
          Alexander Laskin
          Julia Laskin
          Sergey A. Nizkorodov
    The magnitude and sources of uncertainty in    495(18)
    global aerosol
          Kenneth S. Carslaw
          Lindsay A. Lee
          Carly L. Reddington
          Graham W. Mann
          Kirsty J. Pringle
    A water activity based model of                513(45)
    heterogeneous ice nucleation kinetics for
    freezing of water and aqueous solution
    droplets
          Daniel A. Knopf
          Peter A. Alpert
      General discussion                           535(23)
  CONCLUDING REMARKS
      Concluding remarks: challenges for           558(5)
      aerosols and climate
          D. M. Murphy
  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Poster titles                                      563(4)
List of participants                               567(4)
Index of contributors                              571