[内容简介]

Designed for a one-semester course, Introduction to Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing presents fundamental concepts of numerical mathematics and explains how to implement and program numerical methods. The classroom-tested text helps students understand floating point number representations, particularly those pertaining to IEEE simple and double-precision standards as used in scientific computer environments such as MATLAB® version 7.

Drawing on their years of teaching students in mathematics, engineering, and the sciences, the authors discuss computer arithmetic as a source for generating round-off errors and how to avoid the use of algebraic expression that may lead to loss of significant figures. They cover nonlinear equations, linear algebra concepts, the Lagrange interpolation theorem, numerical differentiation and integration, and ODEs. They also focus on the implementation of the algorithms using MATLAB^®.

Each chapter ends with a large number of exercises, with answers to odd-numbered exercises provided at the end of the book. Throughout the seven chapters, several computer projects are proposed. These test the students' understanding of both the mathematics of numerical methods and the art of computer programming.

[目录]

Computer Number Systems and Floating Point Arithmetic
Introduction
Conversion from Base 10 to Base 2
Conversion from Base 2 to Base 10
Normalized Floating Point Systems
Floating Point Operations
Computing in a Floating Point System

Finding Roots of Real Single-Valued Functions
Introduction
How to Locate the Roots of a Function
The Bisection Method
Newton's Method
The Secant Method

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Gaussian Elimination
Mathematical Preliminaries
Computer Storage for Matrices. Data Structures
Back Substitution for Upper Triangular Systems
Gauss Reduction
LU Decomposition

Polynomial Interpolation and Splines Fitting
Definition of Interpolation
General Lagrange Polynomial Interpolation
Recurrence Formulae
Equally Spaced Data: Difference Operators
Errors in Polynomial Interpolation
Local Interpolation: Spline Functions
Concluding Remarks

Numerical Differentiation and Integration
Introduction
Mathematical Prerequisites
Numerical Differentiation
Richardson extrapolation
Richardson Extrapolation in Numerical Differentiation
Numerical Integration
Romberg Integration
Appendix

Advanced Numerical Integration
Numerical Integration for Nonuniform Partitions
Numerical Integration of Functions of Two Variables
Monte Carlo Simulations for Numerical Quadrature

Numerical Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)
Introduction
Analytic Solutions to ODE
Mathematical Settings for Numerical Solutions to ODEs
Explicit Runge-Kutta Schemes
Adams Multistep Methods
Multistep Backward Difference Formulae
Finite-Difference Approximation to a Two-Points Boundary Value Problem

Bibliography

Index